Mercury vapor lamp and apparatus



June 17, 1930. L. J. BUTTOLPH 1,764,148

MERCURY VAPOR LAMP AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 27. 1923 2SheetsFSheet l HIS ATTORNEY June 17, 1930. BUTTOLPH 1,764,148

MERCURY VAPOR LAMP AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 27. 1923 2 hees-She 2 OPEN FOR D-C. CLOSED FOR AC.

HIS ATTORNEY Patented June 17, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LEROY J.BUTTOLPHgOI' GBANTWOOD, NEW JERSEY, .ASSIGNOE TO GENERAL ELECTRIC VAPORLAMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION 01 NEW JERSEY MERCURY VAPOR. LAMP ANDAPPARATUS Original application iiled September 27, 1923, Serial No.665,069. Divided and. this application flied April 18, 1925. Serial m24,066.

This invention relates to mercury arc lamps for laboratory andexperimental use and to apparatus therefor.

Previously for use in commercial and re- 5 search work there wereavailable only the large mercury-arc lamps such as are used for oiliceand factory illumination. But at best the apparatus contrived isnecessarily cumbersome and unwieldly.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a lamp of small size operableon ordinary lighting voltages.

Another purpose of my invention is to provide means in a mercury poollamp for retarding the flow of mercury thereat and prevent the hammer ofthe mercury against the glass wall which in shipment and movement of thelamps often causes the breaking of the wall at seal-ins, etc., orweakens the glass so much as to greatly decrease the len h of life ofthe lamp.

nother purpose of this invention is to rovide a small mercury arc lampadaptable or various illumination purposes such as for use in connectionwith microscopes, spectroscopes, polarimeters, interferometers, etc.

quartz are available including a very complete series of ultra violetlines. In the visible range very pure lines'can be isolated withmonochromatic fillers, some of which have been developed for yellow,green, blue and violet lines,

In the drawings forming part of this application: I

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an arrangement of apparatus for use with alamp of my invention an embodiment of which is shown in my condingapplication Serial Number 665,069 led September 27, 1923.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a dia ammatic representation of the apparatus 0 Fig. 1 asconnected to the lam described in the above referredto copen ingapplication.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of the lamp with apparatus foruse with alternating currents, and

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of the lamp with connections foruse on direct current lines.

In Fig. l is shown the arrangement of the Another purpose of thisinvention is to auxiliar apparatus of the lamp as arranged provide anarc lamp for use in laboratories where a light of standard wave lengthis desired and as for use in the study of sugar polarimetry,interferometry, spectrometry,

, etc.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a source of highintensity near and far ultra violet radiations of such wave lengths asare transmitted by fused quartz whereby it may be used'at high or lowvoltages or on alternating or direct current.

By using a fused quartz tube mercuryarc lamp as a light source theprinc1pal lines from the 10, 140 A line in the infra red to those in theextreme ultra violet up to the limits of transmission of the clear fusedon the ass. The two mains, 6 and 7, are connected to the terminals, 21and 22, respectively. From 21 a lead passes to-one side of thetransformer, 14, and another lead, 3, passes to one of the slots of thesocket 42. The other end of the transformer, 14, is connected by lead,4, to another slot in the socket, 42. From the terminal, 22, aconnection is made to one side of he resistance, 27 lead, 20, connectsthe other side of the resistance, 27, to one side of the inductance, 16.The other side of the inductance is connected by lead 5 to a third slotin the socket, 42. From a midpoint of the transformer, 14, a lead 19connects through a switch 17 to a terminal on the lead, 20. A dia ram ofthe apparatus and connections of ig. 1 is shown in Fig. 2; Thisapparatus connected to the lamp, 40, is shown diagrammatically in Fig.3. Fig. 4 shows the connections of the apparatus to the lamp for the useof the lamp on alternating current and Fig. 5 shows their connectionsfor direct current.

The lamp is started by tilting it backward to a horizontal position,mercury flowing from the cathode chamber into the anode pockets, andreturning it to the vertical position whereupon the mercury flowing backagain makes momentary connection between the cathode and the anode andan arc is formed thereby.

For the operation of my apparatus on alternating current I close switch17 and con nect the alternatin supply mains to terminals 21 and 22. nehalf of coil 14 now functions as the primary of an auto-transformer withthe resistance 27 in series therewith in one of the leads thereto. Theentire coil acts as a secondary with leads from the outside terminals ofthe coil to the two anodes 45 of the lamp. A lead connects the midpointof the transformer coil throu h an inductance 16 to the cathode of theamp.- By lacing the usual arc stabiling resistance in t e primary of theauto-transformer I provide that the energy absorbed therein does notpass through the transformer circuit and the transformer capacity iskept at a lower value than would be possible with the stabilizingresistance connected in the cathode lead or in the two anode leads. Thisarrangement also provides that the voltages between the outsideterminals of the transformer and therefor between the lamp anodes arekept at a minimum value and so minimizes any tendency to arcing betweenthe anodes of the lamp which as can be seen acts as a rectifier. Alsothe resistance in the primary circuit serves to limit the primarycurrent and to protect the transformer in case of a short circuitbetween the secondary terminals. For use on direct current I open switch17 and thereby disconnect the midpoint of the auto-transformer from boththe supply mains 7 and the cathode. This leaves the main 7 connectedthrough the stabilizing resistance 27 and coil 16 to the cathode. Main 6is connected to both the anodes of the lamp, the coil 14 remaining inone of the branches thereto. If conditions require, I shunt coil 14 by ashort-circuiting switch.

This ap lication is a division of my application gerial No. 665,069,filed September 27 1923.

I claim:

1. In an electric vapor lamp circuit, in combination, a vapor arc lamphaving a cathode and two anodes, an inductance connected at one end tosaid cathode and at its other end to a resistance, said resistance beingconnected at its other end to a power main, an auto-transformerconnected across said anodes, means for connecting at will anintermediate point on said auto-transformer to the line leading to thecathode, and another point on said auto-transformer connected to anotherpower main.

2. In an electric vapor lamp circuit, in

combination, a vapor arc lamp having a cathode and -two anodes, aninductance connected at one end to said cathode and at its other end toa resistance, said resistance being connected at its other end to apower main, an auto-transformer connected across said anodes, means forconnecting at will an intermediate point on said auto-transformer to apoint between said inductance and said resistance, and another point onsaid autotransformer connected to another power main.

Signed at Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey this17th day of April, A. D. 1925.

LEROY J. BUTTOLPH.

